TOEFL Writing 팁

 

TOEFL Writing 시험 볼 때 글이 단조로워 지지 않도록 하는 이음동의어를 20개 씩 모았다.

 
 

1. 주장  : "나는 ~라고 생각한다/ 믿는다/ 주장한다." 

• Assert
  • 의미: 강하게 주장하다, 단언하다
  • 예문: "Many people assert that public transportation significantly reduces urban air pollution."
• Claim
  • 의미: 주장하다, 단언하다
  • 예문: "Critics claim that building new highways is a short-term solution to traffic issues."
• Argue
  • 의미: 논쟁하거나 논리적으로 주장하다
  • 예문: "Some experts argue that investing in renewable energy will benefit future generations."
• Maintain
  • 의미: (의견을) 지속적으로 주장하다
  • 예문: "Advocates maintain that increased funding for public transport is essential."
• Suggest
  • 의미: 제안하다, 의견을 말하다
  • 예문: "Environmentalists suggest adopting cleaner transportation methods like subways and buses."
• Contend
  • 의미: 강하게 논쟁하거나 주장하다
  • 예문: "Some studies contend that improving infrastructure will lead to better quality of life."
• State
  • 의미: 명확히 말하다, 진술하다
  • 예문: "The report states that congestion increases when public transportation is inadequate."
• Support
  • 의미: 지지하다, 뒷받침하다
  • 예문: "I strongly support the idea of reducing dependency on private cars."
• Endorse
  • 의미: 지지하거나 승인하다
  • 예문: "Many researchers endorse this solution as a means of achieving sustainability."
• Advocate
  • 의미: 적극적으로 옹호하다, 지지하다
  • 예문: "I advocate for more investment in renewable energy."
• Favor
  • 의미: 선호하다, 지지하다
  • 예문: "Those who favor urban development should also consider environmental impacts."
• Uphold
  • 의미: 지지하다, 유지하다
  • 예문: "Governments must uphold policies that protect the environment."
• Defend
  • 의미: 방어하거나 지지하다
  • 예문: "Some experts defend the idea that strict regulations are necessary."
• Propose
  • 의미: 제안하다
  • 예문: "Many policymakers propose increasing the budget for public transportation."
• Recommend
  • 의미: 권장하다, 추천하다
  • 예문: "I highly recommend that governments prioritize clean energy projects."
• Emphasize
  • 의미: 강조하다
  • 예문: "Advocates often emphasize the importance of reducing carbon emissions."
• Highlight
  • 의미: 부각시키다, 강조하다
  • 예문: "Studies highlight the connection between traffic congestion and poor air quality."
• Encourage
  • 의미: 권장하다, 장려하다
  • 예문: "Governments should encourage citizens to use bicycles instead of cars."
• Insist
  • 의미: 강력히 주장하다
  • 예문: "Experts insist that urban planning must include green spaces."
• Express
  • 의미: 표현하다, 나타내다
  • 예문: "Many residents have expressed concerns about the lack of public transportation options."

 

 

2. 근거의 나열 : "우선/ 첫째로/ 게다가,"

• To begin with
  • 의미: 우선, 먼저
  • 예문: "To begin with, public transportation is more environmentally friendly than private cars."
• Firstly
  • 의미: 첫 번째로
  • 예문: "Firstly, increasing the use of public transportation can reduce traffic congestion."
• First and foremost
  • 의미: 무엇보다도 먼저
  • 예문: "First and foremost, reducing air pollution should be a priority."
• For one thing
  • 의미: 한 가지 이유는
  • 예문: "For one thing, efficient public transportation reduces commuting time."
• One key point is
  • 의미: 주요한 점 중 하나는
  • 예문: "One key point is that public transportation saves money for individuals."

• Additionally
  • 의미: 추가적으로
  • 예문: "Additionally, public transportation encourages less reliance on fossil fuels."
•  What’s more
  • 의미: 게다가, 더 나아가
  • 예문: "What’s more, investing in buses and trains creates jobs."
• Moreover
  • 의미: 더욱이
  • 예문: "Moreover, public transportation can accommodate large numbers of people efficiently."
• Secondly
  • 의미: 두 번째로
  • 예문: "Secondly, governments should focus on creating reliable transit schedules."
• Another point to consider is
  • 의미: 또 다른 고려 사항은
  • 예문: "Another point to consider is the reduction of noise pollution in urban areas."

• In addition
  • 의미: 덧붙여
  • 예문: "In addition, it helps citizens save on daily commuting costs."
• Furthermore
  • 의미: 게다가
  • 예문: "Furthermore, it reduces the number of road accidents caused by excessive car use."
• On top of that
  • 의미: 그 위에, 게다가
  • 예문: "On top of that, it promotes healthier lifestyles by encouraging walking to transit stops."
• Equally important
  • 의미: 똑같이 중요한 것은
  • 예문: "Equally important, public transportation decreases traffic congestion."
• Also
  • 의미: 또한
  • 예문: "Also, public transportation systems tend to cost less over time than building new highways."

• Besides
  • 의미: 게다가, 이외에도
  • 예문: "Besides, many public transport options now use renewable energy sources."
• Not only that
  • 의미: 그뿐만 아니라
  • 예문: "Not only that, but public transportation reduces carbon emissions significantly."
• Apart from this
  • 의미: 이 점 외에도
  • 예문: "Apart from this, public transport helps decongest city centers."
• Last but not least
  • 의미: 마지막이지만 중요하게는
  • 예문: "Last but not least, public transport creates a sense of community among residents."
• Finally
  • 의미: 마지막으로
  • 예문: "Finally, it is a long-term solution to many urban environmental issues."

 

 

3. 글의 요약 : "요약하자면/ 결론적으로/ 결국,"

• To sum up
  • 의미: 요약하자면
  • 예문: "To sum up, investing in public transportation is beneficial for both the environment and citizens."
• In conclusion
  • 의미: 결론적으로
  • 예문: "In conclusion, prioritizing public transportation will result in a more sustainable future."
• All in all
  • 의미: 전체적으로 보면
  • 예문: "All in all, reducing the number of cars on the road will improve urban living standards."
• In summary
  • 의미: 요약하자면
  • 예문: "In summary, public transportation provides a cost-effective and environmentally friendly solution."
• Overall
  • 의미: 전반적으로
  • 예문: "Overall, the advantages of funding public transportation outweigh the drawbacks."

• On the whole
  • 의미: 전체적으로 볼 때
  • 예문: "On the whole, governments should emphasize sustainable urban development."
• To summarize
  • 의미: 요약하면
  • 예문: "To summarize, reducing car dependency leads to cleaner air and less congestion."
• Thus
  • 의미: 따라서
  • 예문: "Thus, investing in public transit is a practical solution to environmental challenges."
• Hence
  • 의미: 그러므로
  • 예문: "Hence, governments must focus on building a robust transit infrastructure."
• Therefore
  • 의미: 그러므로
  • 예문: "Therefore, public transportation should be a top priority in urban planning."

• Altogether
  • 의미: 종합적으로 보면
  • 예문: "Altogether, investing in public transportation is both economical and environmentally sound."
• In essence
  • 의미: 본질적으로, 요컨대
  • 예문: "In essence, promoting public transportation addresses both environmental and social issues."
• By and large
  • 의미: 대체로
  • 예문: "By and large, public transit benefits cities in numerous ways."
• To reiterate
  • 의미: 반복하자면
  • 예문: "To reiterate, focusing on sustainable transportation is essential for long-term growth."
• As a result
  • 의미: 그 결과로
  • 예문: "As a result, public transportation systems are critical to mitigating traffic problems."

• In light of this
  • 의미: 이런 점에서
  • 예문: "In light of this, governments should prioritize funding for mass transit systems."
• In brief
  • 의미: 간단히 말해
  • 예문: "In brief, public transportation is a key factor in creating sustainable cities."
• To put it simply
  • 의미: 간단히 말하자면
  • 예문: "To put it simply, fewer cars mean cleaner air."
• Summing it up
  • 의미: 요약하자면
  • 예문: "Summing it up, public transportation reduces costs, pollution, and traffic."
• Ultimately
  • 의미: 궁극적으로
  • 예문: "Ultimately, public transportation is a vital part of any sustainable urban plan."

 

 
 

4. 최종 점검 

• 문제에 대한 올바른 답변을 했는지 확인한다.
• 논증의 깊이가 깊어지도록 구체적인 예시나 데이터를 추가한다.
• 철자 및 문법 오류를 마지막으로 꼭 점검(1분 내외) 한다.